High Fashion Fights Recession free essay sample

There is moderately no danger of replacement in the extravagance products industry. This is predominantly a result of the quality and cost of substitutes, and the expense of changing to the purchaser. The cost of fake merchandise that duplicate the extravagance products purposes there to be a constructive fiscal expense in exchanging yet there is lost distinction as extravagance products are described as having a persona, scarcity, that are join by an exhibition of a quality item with one of a kind structure, phenomenal capacity and advancement. There is no examination between extravagance merchandise and the fake items. Danger of New Entrants The extravagance merchandise industry has an elevated level capital prerequisite, brand dedication and acknowledgment by buyers, the selective access to providers and dissemination alongside economies of scale, all make it hard for new firms to enter the business. Capital venture limits passage to the business as an enormous interest in promoting is expected to draw in clients and to build brand acknowledgment. We will compose a custom exposition test on High Fashion Fights Recession or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In extra providers and wholesalers have elite authoritative concurrence with producers, in this way making a strain for new firms to fabricate their flexibly chain. Anyway there is an expansion danger from web based organizations. Dealing Power of Suppliers The danger of losing quality from exchanging providers and the set number of abilities and specialization laborers accessible give providers a high bartering power; anyway this force is moderated by the downsizing and cancelation of requests for the provider of material from different ventures during the Great Recession. In this way there is a moderate force for providers, as they are all the more ready to acknowledge any request given by the extravagance merchandise industry. Dealing Power of Buyers The bartering intensity of purchasers is high in the extravagance business. The industry’s size of the extravagance products showcase is little particularly in recessionary occasions as purchasers spend more on quality things; anyway there is development in the market from nations, for example, China and other rising nations, which have an expansion in rich family units which is relied upon to develop. The expense of exchanging for shopper is low; it is increasingly an enthusiastic expense for purchasers as they are incredibly brand steadfast. Along these lines there is a high weight on firms to stay important with consumer’s inclination and patterns. Firms likewise sell their items in select retail outlets along these lines these outlets have some authority over the business as they legitimately sway deals. Serious contention inside the business There is a solid degree of adversary among not many huge firms in the extravagance business. The organizations have separated methodology and a few in spite of the fact that it's anything but an industry practice offered marked down costs during the Great Recession to improve their business, a few firms couldn't endure and defaulted on some loans. There is a high leave obstruction as it is hard for firms to recoup their speculation. Watchman Five Force Intensity Threat Of Substitute Products Low Threat Of New Entrants Low †Medium Bargaining Power Of Suppliers Low Bargaining Power Of Customers Medium Competitive Rivalry Within The Industry Medium †High 2. What amount of haggling power did shoppers as purchasers have during the Great Recession? The fall utilization during the time of the Great Recession 2007-2009, adversy affected the extravagance merchandise industry and implied that organizations needed to put more accentuation into speaking to the rest of the market of observing shoppers. Shoppers were less obliged to attempt and ‘keep up with the Jones’, as they needed to lessen their utilization on superfluous merchandise and enterprises and the ‘Jones’ were less constrained to hotshot. Consequently due to the fall in numbers, the buyers had a greater amount of an effect on theâ luxury firm’s primary concern and the firm in this manner needed to by one way or another persuade buyers to spend, this is comparable to taste and inclination be that as it may, since customers were excessively little to essentially impact cost and cost is a significant factor in the apparent extravagance of a decent. Along these lines the haggling intensity of shoppers was medium, since merchandise must be estimated directly as well as offer some esteem and be of high caliber for customers to buy the item. 3. Why was limiting looked downward on by the business peers, which were all separated or center contenders?

Proposal for Artemis Sportswear Company Essay Example for Free

Proposition for Artemis Sportswear Company Essay Proposition for Artemis Sportswear Company for slicing operational costs to expand net revenues; a few thoughts. As a business, Artemis can chop down the operational expenses by down-measuring the work power so the organization can rival other sportswear organizations. There are two different ways an organization can down-size the work costs, one of these is down-scaling the immediate work, and the other one is move the work and acquire less expensive work power. Diminish Employee Costs. Re-appropriate any occupations where a full-time worker isn't vital. This will cut your finance costs, social insurance expenses and space prerequisites. Present a prize plan for workers who don't take any days off in a year or half year time frame. The expense of the prize is negligible contrasted with the investment funds made by the organization. Instead of pay extra time rates, attempt re-arranging the work programs and schedules to forestall the requirement for additional time. Offer staff motivations for decreasing their own days and wiped out leave taken. Recruit undergrads or assistants Internship programs are a success win for the two sides. You get a yearning representative who will accomplish dull work and they get school credit, understanding and ideally, an amazing reference. Cutting regular costs can bring down operational costs. When buying office supplies, nonexclusive will be more affordable than brand name. Purchasing the store brand is commonly sold at a lower cost. Purchasing supplies in mass is savvy over a significant stretch of time. Renting hardware is superior to purchasing gear. While renting you have the chance to update or minimization when vital. Innovation is continually changing and improving, so by renting there is the choice to remain current with the new changes in the hardware. Littler gear, for example, phones, printers, fax machines and mini-computers ought to be bought not rented. Littler gear will hold its incentive after some time and can be effectively supplanted if necessary. Take a stab at looking for deals or deals at whatever point conceivable. Organization could make strides toward environmental friendliness by utilizing items that produce less waste, or less vitality. Check your business travel and cut costs where you can. Meeting with significant distance customers is exorbitant and it very well may be disposable for certain organizations, yet travel can likewise be the most gainful cost for a business. Luckily, current innovation can reproduce the involvement with a much lower cost, for example, conveying through Skype or some other type of video talk interface. Cut out the landline and fax line with Blackberrys and iPhones, and everything perfect for email, who needs them? Conceder free promoting at whatever point conceivable, take a stab at piggybacking your publicizing. Remembering promoting material for different mailings, for example, in solicitations, spares postage and different costs, says J. Donald Weinrauch, co-creator of The Frugal Marketer. Moreover, benefit as much as possible from your place of-procurement openings by tucking coupons, pamphlets or other limited time fliers taken care of with clients buys. Recruit self employed entities or brief laborers varying. Re-appropriate your finance, advantages and HR. Think about a remote helper or replying mail to diminish finance. Some IT Department arrangements, Process Automation permits a littler supervisory crew to adequately deal with a bigger number of frameworks Intelligent Software Delivery permits organizations to all the more precisely evaluate what number of licenses they will require when buying programming Endpoint Virtualization lessens personal time for application clashes and gives a protected workspace when wandering Power Management Capabilities records consistence with vitality utilization approaches and may give discounts from nearby force organizations Remote Diagnostic Tools decreases required IT travel time and travel financial plans.

Science Says These 5 Things Will Make You Happier

Science Says These 5 Things Will Make You Happier Happiness Print 5 Things Science Says Will Make You Happier Research-backed habits that will improve your outlook and positive attitude By Nataly Kogan twitter Nataly Kogan is the co-founder and CEO of Happier, a leading wellness company on a mission to make millions of people happier in their everyday lives. Learn about our editorial policy Nataly Kogan Updated on December 06, 2019 Bonninstudio / Stocksy United More in Self-Improvement Happiness Meditation Stress Management Spirituality Holistic Health Inspiration Brain Health Technology Relationships View All Its easy to assume that things like money and a luxurious lifestyle lead to happiness, but research shows that its the more simple experiencesâ€"like practicing gratitude or spending time with friendsâ€"that promote a sunny outlook. Whether you need to shift from negative thoughts or want to continue a streak of positivity, here are five ways to boost happiness every day. Practice Daily Gratitude Expressing gratitude has been shown to do more than improve your mood. People who write down a few positive things about their day are healthier, more energetic, less stressed and anxious, and get better sleep.?? The key is to make this a regular habit and to do it with intention. Think about creating a small gratitude ritual. For example, every morning when you have your coffee, try thinking of three things that you appreciate about the previous day. Or make it a habit to jot down three positive things about your day before you go to bed at night. Your three things can be seemingly small (a beautiful flower you saw during a walk) or big (the fact that youre healthy). In fact, science shows that its the small everyday experiences that make us happier, compared to big life events.?? 3 Simple Ways to Cultivate Gratitude Surround Yourself With Positive People Happiness is contagious. A landmark 2008 study found that living within a mile of a happy person boosts your own happiness by 25%.?? If youre feeling down, reach out to a friend who generally has a more positive attitude. Your brains have mirror neurons that will literally mimic what another person is expressing;?? so when you need a bit of positive infusion, connect with those who share it. Practice Regular Acts of Kindness Research has shown that spending money on others makes us happier than spending money on ourselves and doing small acts of kindness increases life satisfaction.?? Even the smallest nice gesture can make someones day. Here are a few easy ways to show kindness: Hold the door open for someone behind you.Say thank you and mean it when you pick up your next cup of coffee.Donate clothes to a local shelter.Help an elderly neighbor with yard work.Bake a dessert to share with your coworkers. Spend More Time With Family and Friends Friendships can be one of the keys to longevity. In fact, one study found that low social interactionâ€"and in turn, lonelinessâ€"can be as bad for you as smoking 15 cigarettes a day and is twice as bad for your health as obesity.?? Even if youre busy you can find ways to connect with people you care about. Use your  lunch break as an opportunity to call a friend or, if possible, take a walk together. If youre busy during the week, consider inviting your friend to do some errands together on the weekend. Invest in Experiences, Not Objects Research shows people report feeling happier when they spend their money on experiences rather than objects.?? We remember experiences for a longer period of time and our brains can re-live them, making our positive emotions last longer. So instead of that new pair of jeans consider trying a new yoga class or inviting a friend to the movies with you. A Word From Verywell While these ways to increase happiness may come easily to some people, if youre coping with depression, chronic stress, or other psychological illnesses, it can be difficult to see the bright side. Remember that every day is different and that these are practices to work on daily. If you continue to have difficulty coping, consider talking to a friend or family member for support, or contact your doctor for advice on next steps.

Dunkin Donuts Thesis Paper - 1420 Words

LOGO OF DUNKIN DONUT DUNKIN DONUTS SYSTEM BACKGROUND A.COMPANY DESCRIPTION Dunkin Donuts is an around-the-clock organization, and a General Manager will need to understand and assume the responsibility of this. This is an energetic and fun working atmosphere with many future opportunities available within the organization. COMPANY HISTORY It all started in 1946 when William Rosenberg (founder of Dunkin Donuts and also theInternational Franchise Association) invested $5,000 to form Industrial Luncheon Services, a company that delivered meals and coffee break snacks to customers in the outskirts of Boston, Massachusetts. The success of Industrial Luncheon Services led Rosenberg to open his first coffee and donut shop, the Open Kettle.†¦show more content†¦D.SCOPE OF THE PROJECT This project information is pulled from our database of hundreds of thousands of construction projects that have been started over the past 5 years of Dunkin Donuts. It uses to research ideas and potential partners for your own project. Project Overview Project Title: | DUNKIN DONUTS | Estimated Value: | $240,000 (a more accurate cost estimate is available from RSMeans Online) | The cost to build fast food restaurants in South Carolina depends upon the location, project scope, specific components used and current market conditions. If you are looking to size the cost of building a project similar to this one, an accurate estimate of the costs to build your particular project is available on RSMeansOnline.com. Project Location State: South Carolina | County: Greenville | City: Greenville | Address: 411 The Parkway | Project Type Building Category: Fast food Restaurant | | Work Type: Ne | | E. THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK In the article comparing an existing Starbucks store to a newly opened Dunkin’ Donuts shop in the same area, the authors vividly reveal the opposing coffee cultures of each chain, saying, â€Å"Medium vs. grande. Good, quick and hot vs. Colombia Narià ±o Supremo. Metal frame chairs vs. comfy couches.† These catchy comparisons reveal the differing cultural frameworks of the two chains, which are I argue align with opposing theoretical frameworks. F. DEFINITION OF TERMS †¢ Baskin-Robbins - aShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis of Constance Ruzichs Article922 Words   |  4 Pagesmeasure the popularity of Starbucks, not just the financial aspect, but also in terms of its economic status in a global coffee market, just to give us different points of view in relation to her thesis. Her choice in the title is also very appropriate for the topic, which will be discussed later on in this paper. Ruzich begins her article by giving the readers a brief background on coffee. She is informing us, the readers, on how coffee came about and touches on the â€Å"The history of coffee productionRead MoreMicroeconomics and Starbucks Essay2741 Words   |  11 PagesTopic: An examination into the rise and fall of Starbucks Coffee Company and its relationship to certain microeconomic principles. Thesis: While Starbucks has been an industry leader in the specialty coffee market, rapid overexpansion and current economic conditions have caused it to lose its market dominance. Is the company strong enough to recover? I. The origins of Starbucks A. 1971 Beginnings B. Starbucks goes public in 1992 C. Rapid expansion from mid-1990s to mid-2000s Read MoreStarbucks Financial Analysis9358 Words   |  38 PagesInternational Business Lauren Roby A Senior Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation in the Honors Program Liberty University Spring 2011 STARBUCKS AS AN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS Acceptance of Senior Honors Thesis This Senior Honors Thesis is accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation from the Honors Program of Liberty University. 2 ______________________________ Edward M. Moore, Ph.D. Thesis Chair ______________________________ MelanieRead MoreStrategic Management at Starbucks14676 Words   |  59 Pagessucceeded in respecting the values implemented in the company. The assessment and development of new strategies according to the changes in the external and internal environment were reasons that influenced our choice for this written paper. This research paper provides a thorough analysis of the strategies adopted by the company by illustrating their development, their limitations and also by analyzing the company’s commitment to its values. Nonetheless, another reason for our choice is theRead Moreproblem encounter by the fast food chain or restaurants11698 Words   |  47 Pagesfood business which introduced plastic utensils, multimixer milkshake machines, and a quick efficient and new style of production. Serving nearly 68 million people in more than 119 countries every day, McDonalds has more than 33,000 restaurants. Dunkin Donuts was opened by William Rosenberg in 1950 and has more than 8,000 shops around the world while Burger King was established by David Edgerton and James Mclamore in 1954. Burger King is the second largest fast food hamburger chain. Pizza Hut in 1958Read MoreConsumer Mindset in Retail : Sensroy Marketing16900 Words   |  68 Pagesthe characteristics of each colour and their impact on consumer behaviour16: Really popular in restaurants as it increases appetite. However, due to its exciting properties, red is more likely to be used in bars. Companies like Burger King or Dunkin Donuts use orange as main colour. Mainly used by candies producers as Sweet’N Low, and sweet shops. Popular hue for tea houses or pastry shops. Green is a delicate colour, as if not used in the right environment it is not appealing but can be repellingRead MoreRetail Management30153 Words   |  121 Pagesdevelopments in retailing as follows: 1) Thesis: Individual retailers as corner shops across the country 2) Antithesis: A position opposed to the thesis develops over a period of time. These are the department stores. The antithesis is a â€Å"challenge† to the thesis. 3) Synthesis: There is a blending of the thesis and antithesis. The result is a position between the thesis and antithesis. Supermarkets and hypermarkets thrive. This synthesis becomes the thesis for the next round of evolution. TheoryRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 PagesDeCandia Alana Filipovich Jeof Vita Arthur Medina Allison Morris This book was set in 10/12 New Caledonia by Aptara ®, Inc. and printed and bound by Courier/Westford. The cover was printed by Courier/Westford. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright  © 2009, 2006, 2004, 2001, 1998, 1995, 1992, 1989, 1986, 1981, 1976 John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic

Mole Fraction Definition - Chemistry Glossary

Mole fraction is  a unit of concentration, defined to be equal to the number of moles of a component divided by the total number of moles of a solution. Because it is a ratio, mole fraction is a unitless expression. The mole fraction of all components of a solution, when added together, will equal 1. Mole Fraction Example In a solution of 1 mol benzene, 2 mol carbon tetrachloride, and 7 mol acetone, the mole fraction of the acetone is 0.7. This is determined by adding up the number of moles of acetone in the solution and dividing the value by the total number of moles of components of the solution: Number of Moles of Acetone: 7 moles Total Number of Moles in Solution 1 moles (benzene) 2 moles (carbon tetrachloride) 7 moles (acetone)Total Number of Moles in Solution 10 moles Mole Fraction of Acetone moles acetone / total moles solutionMole Fraction of Acetone 7/10Mole Fraction of Acetone 0.7 Similarly, the mole fraction of benzene would be 1/10 or 0.1 and the mole fraction of carbon tetrachloride would be 2/10 or 0.2.

Monsoons in India Free Essays

string(29) " effect on the monsoons too\." It involves clearing a patch of forest land, but retaining useful trees and plant varieties, cultivating it for two to three years and then abandoning it for 10-20 years to allow the natural forest to grow back and the soil to regain its fertility. The cycle of cultivation, leaving it fallow and coming back to it for cultivation, is called the Jhum cycle. Traditionally, a village community owns/controls the forest land and decides on such rotational cultivation pattern. We will write a custom essay sample on Monsoons in India or any similar topic only for you Order Now Thus the community cultivates land for its livelihood while practising conservation and taking care of the ecological balance. However, with the population pressure, communities wanting to grow more food have cleared greater chunks of forest lands and returned to the fallow plots much sooner than 10-20 years. The length of the fallow phase between two successive cropping phases has come down to even two to three years in some places. This has resulted in soil degradation, fall in yield, lower returns, and reduction in green cover. It is this change in traditional practice, arising out of changing conditions, that has given jhum agriculture a bad name. Separately, forests are being exploited for timber and hills are being flattened for soil and stones. Often, this denuding of the forest too is blamed upon jhum cultivation. The state government has come out with various schemes to provide the jhumais with alternate means of livelihood and wean them away from jhuming. However the needs of the jhum cultivators have not been assessed rightly and these schemes have met with limited success or have completely failed. It is important to state here that shifting cultivation should not be confused with slash-and-burn. Slash-and-burn is a mere land clearing method used by many people around the globe to open up forest land and use it for permanent agriculture. On the contrary, shifting cultivation is an integrated farming system involving forestry, agriculture and strong social organisation on the part of the communities. Ecologically, the practice of jhum has a deleterious effect on the local environment, while others have often thwarted those arguments and proved that jhum in fact is a sustainable form of agricultural production best suited for the specific ecology of the hill regions. The arguments against jhum have included projecting it as an unsustainable practice that depletes the soil of nutrients, reducing the forest cover, causing landslides, etc. Arguments against jhum have come from state forestry departments, development ministries like DONER (Development Of North East Region) or trade promoting entities like the World Bank who lean towards utilisation of the region’s forest resources for the benefit of national and private capital. In addition, private entities wishing to utilise the land for specific profit-making ventures, like extraction industries, utilise these arguments to push the state to wean away local villagers from practicing jhum in order to lease the land. This has happened in the hill regions of Meghalaya and Assam where corrupt or otherwise, village councils leased out land to private and national corporations for extraction industries including coal, limestone, and uranium in the future. In addition, the paper industry has pushed for the growth of bamboo by villagers as a cash crop replacing an egalitarian cultivation system with one that has created a small mercantilist class controlling all bamboo production. However, these arguments have been rebutted by many scientists, including studies by organisations like the Indian Institute of Science, Tata Energy Research Institute and UNESCO who have proved in different ways that jhum is indeed a sustainable form of agriculture best suited to the rainy hill regions of Northeast India, over other forms of agriculture such as valley or terrace cultivation. Studies have further proved that, contrary to arguments of soil infertility, the practice of jhum ensures that fallowness in the soil is not compromised on, and often rapid regeneration of the vegetation takes place once a tract of land is abandoned after cultivation. CLIMATE CHANGE Climate Change its Impact on India India, the seventh largest country in the world and the second largest in Asia, has a total geographical area of 329 Mha, of which only 305 Mha is the reporting area (the area as per the land records of villages and towns). The mainland stretches from 8 4†² N to 37 6†² N and 68 7†² E to 97 25†² E. It has a land frontier of 15,200 km and a coastline of 7,516 km. India, the seventh largest country in the world and the second largest in Asia, has a total geographical area of 329 Mha, of which only 305 Mha is the reporting area (the area as per the land records of villages and towns). The mainland stretches from 8o4†² N to 37o6†² N and 68o7†² E to 97o 25†² E. It has a land frontier of 15,200 km and a coastline of 7,516 km. In developing countries like India, climate change could represent an additional stress on cological and socioeconomic systems that are already facing tremendous pressures due to rapid urbanization, industrialization and economic development. With its huge and growing population, a 7500-km long densely populated and low-lying coastline, and an economy that is closely tied to its natural resource base, India is considerably vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. The various studies conducted in the country have shown that the surface air temperatures in India are going up at the rate of 0. 4oC per hundred years, particularly during the post-monsoon and winter season. Using models, they predict that mean winter temperatures will increase by as much as 3. 2oC in the 2050s and 4. 5oC by 2080s, due to Greenhouse gases. Summer temperatures will increase by 2. 2oC in the 2050s and 3. 2oC in the 2080s. Extreme temperatures and heat spells have already become common over Northern India, often causing loss of human life. In 1998 alone, 650 deaths occurred in Orissa due to heat waves. Climate change has had an effect on the monsoons too. You read "Monsoons in India" in category "Papers" India is heavily dependent on the monsoon to meet its agricultural and water needs, and also for protecting and propagating its rich biodiversity. Subtle changes have already been noted in the monsoon rain patterns by scientists at IIT, Delhi. They also warn that India will experience a decline in summer rainfall by the 2050s, summer rainfall accounts for almost 70% of the total annual rainfall over India and is crucial to Indian agriculture. Relatively small climatic changes can cause large water resource problems, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions such as northwest India. This will have an impact on agriculture, drinking water and on generation of hydro-electric power. Apart from monsoon rains, India uses perennial rivers, which originate and depend on glacial melt-water in the Hindukush and Himalayan ranges. Since the melting season coincides with the summer monsoon season, any intensification of the monsoon is likely to contribute to flood disasters in the Himalayan catchment. Rising temperatures will also contribute to the raising of snowline, reducing the capacity of this natural reservoir, and increasing the risk of flash floods during the wet season. Increased temperatures will impact agricultural production. Higher temperatures reduce the total duration of a crop cycle by inducing early flowering, thus shortening the `grain fill’ period. The shorter the crop cycle, the lower the yield per unit area. A trend of sea level rise of 1 cm per decade has been recorded along the Indian coast. Sea level rise due to thermal expansion of sea water in the Indian Ocean is expected to be about 25-040 cm by 2050. This could inundate low lying areas, down coastal marshes and wetlands, erode beaches, exacerbate flooding and increase the salinity of rivers, bays and aquifers. Deltas will be threatened by flooding, erosion and salt intrusion. Loss of coastal mangroves will have an impact on fisheries. The major delta area of the Ganga, Brahmaputra and Indus rivers, which have large populations reliant on riverine resources will be affected by changes in water regimes, salt water intrusions and land loss. Increase in temperatures will result in shifts of lower altitude tropical and subtropical forests to higher altitude temperate forest regions, resulting in the extinction of some temperate vegetation types. Decrease in rainfall and the resultant soil moisture stress could result in drier teak dominated forests replacing sal trees in central India. Increased dry spells could also place dry and moist deciduous forests at increased risk from forest fires. Medical Science suggests that the rise in temperature and change in humidity will adversely affect human health in India. Heat stress could result in heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heal stroke, and damage physiological functions, metabolic processes and immune systems. Increased temperatures can increase the range of vector borne diseases such as malaria, particularly in regions where minimum temperatures currently limited pathogen and vector development. as one of the first in Asia to recognize the effectiveness of the Export Processing Zone (EPZ) model in promoting exports, with Asia’s first EPZ set up in Kandla in 1965. With a view to overcome the shortcomings experienced on account of the multiplicity of controls and clearances; absence of world-class infrastructure, and an unstable fiscal regime and with a view to attract larger foreign investments in India, the Speci al Economic Zones (SEZs) Policy was announced in April 2000. This policy intended to make SEZs an engine for economic growth supported by quality infrastructure complemented by an attractive fiscal package, both at the Centre and the State level, with the minimum possible regulations. SEZs in India functioned from 1. 11. 2000 to 09. 02. 2006 under the provisions of the Foreign Trade Policy and fiscal incentives were made effective through the provisions of relevant statutes. To instill confidence in investors and signal the Government’s commitment to a stable SEZ policy regime and with a view to mpart stability to the SEZ regime thereby generating greater economic activity and employment through the establishment of SEZs, a comprehensive draft SEZ Bill prepared after extensive discussions with the stakeholders. A number of meetings were held in various parts of the country both by the Minister for Commerce and Industry as well as senior officials for this purpose. The Special Economic Zones Act, 2005, was passed by Parliament in May, 20 05 which received Presidential assent on the 23rd of June, 2005. The draft SEZ Rules were widely discussed and put on the website of the Department of Commerce offering suggestions/comments. Around 800 suggestions were received on the draft rules. After extensive consultations, the SEZ Act, 2005, supported by SEZ Rules, came into effect on 10th February, 2006, providing for drastic simplification of procedures and for single window clearance on matters relating to central as well as state governments. The main objectives of the SEZ Act are: (a)generation of additional economic activity (b)promotion of exports of goods and services; c)promotion of investment from domestic and foreign sources; (d)creation of employment opportunities; (e)development of infrastructure facilities; It is expected that this will trigger a large flow of foreign and domestic investment in SEZs, in infrastructure and productive capacity, leading to generation of additional economic activity and creation of employment opportunities. The SEZ Act 2005 envisages key role for th e State Governments in Export Promotion and creation of related infrastructure. A Single Window SEZ approval mechanism has been provided through a 19 member inter-ministerial SEZ Board of Approval (BoA). The applications duly recommended by the respective State Governments/UT Administration are considered by this BoA periodically. All decisions of the Board of approvals are with consensus. The SEZ Rules provide for different minimum land requirement for different class of SEZs. Every SEZ is divided into a processing area where alone the SEZ units would come up and the non-processing area where the supporting infrastructure is to be created. was one of the first in Asia to recognize the effectiveness of the Export Processing Zone (EPZ) model in promoting exports, with Asia’s first EPZ set p in Kandla in 1965. With a view to overcome the shortcomings experienced on account of the multiplicity of controls and clearances; absence of world-class infrastructure, and an unstable fiscal regime and with a view to attract larger foreign investments in India, the Special Economic Zones (SEZs) Policy was announced in April 2000. This policy intended to make SEZs an engine for economic gro wth supported by quality infrastructure complemented by an attractive fiscal package, both at the Centre and the State level, with the minimum possible regulations. SEZs in India functioned from 1. 11. 2000 to 09. 02. 006 under the provisions of the Foreign Trade Policy and fiscal incentives were made effective through the provisions of relevant statutes. To instill confidence in investors and signal the Government’s commitment to a stable SEZ policy regime and with a view to impart stability to the SEZ regime thereby generating greater economic activity and employment through the establishment of SEZs, a comprehensive draft SEZ Bill prepared after extensive discussions with the stakeholders. A number of meetings were held in various parts of the country both by the Minister for Commerce and Industry as well as senior officials for this purpose. The Special Economic Zones Act, 2005, was passed by Parliament in May, 2005 which received Presidential assent on the 23rd of June, 2005. The draft SEZ Rules were widely discussed and put on the website of the Department of Commerce offering suggestions/comments. Around 800 suggestions were received on the draft rules. After extensive consultations, the SEZ Act, 2005, supported by SEZ Rules, came into effect on 10th February, 2006, providing for drastic simplification of procedures and for single window clearance on matters relating to central as well as state governments. How to cite Monsoons in India, Papers

When a person only has five years to live an Example of the Topic Psychology Essays by

When a person only has five years to live When a person only has five years to live, it is important to get to some of the things that people put off in our hectic, rat-race world. It is important to be fulfilled and to strive to do the things that you wanted to do. Without being trite, take inspiration from a movie like The Bucket List and put a plan in motion for what to do and how to do it. Need essay sample on "When a person only has five years to live" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed The first thing to do would be to research your death sentence and find out everything about it. There is always the possibility that with experimental treatment or new technologies, one may not have just five years to live after all. The important part here is to discover whether there are options available and to be open to explore these options. In finding out what we want to do with the remaining five years, it is important to clarify values in order to decide what is truly important. Therefore, we should spend some time looking at values clarification material or talking to someone who really asks pointed questions about our lives, in order to determine what is truly important. There is a difference between beliefs and values. One significant difference between a value and a belief is that a value is typically chosen with intentionality and is therefore prized, cherished and publicly affirmed when appropriate. Beliefs, on the other hand, generally operate much more outside of our awareness. We acquire them almost by osmosis from the culture in which we are reared. Prejudices (agism, racism, sexism, and classism, for example) are products of unexamined beliefs (Global Change Seminar). It is important to know the difference in that clarifying values will help determine the next steps. After figuring out what to do, the next step is to do those things. Some will contain action, like going places that one has never been or meeting a famous person. The key here is to figure out the really important ones so that funds will stretch to cover these. Others will be about cherishing the things that are right in life, like spending quality time with family and making sure that they feel recognized and loved. Finding the things of most importance and setting an action plan to make these happen will also provide a sense of peace and fulfillment. Rather than waiting around for death, this person is going into himself/herself first and then going outside of oneself in order to make the things happen that truly matter. These ideas that one walks away with will be different for every person. Thats the beauty of values clarification. My steps personally would be spending quality time with my family and giving them something to remember me by. I would create a project of what I remember about each person to warm their hearts and leave some sort of legacy. I would also do some traveling in Europe and Central America. I would learn to play the guitar. I would spend my time doing the things I wanted to do and working as little as possible. If I didnt have enough money, I would find ways to do them a cheaper way. I would try to be relaxed and believe positively that these things would come to me. Works Cited Global Change Seminar. Its Your Move. Retrieved December 1, 2008 at http://www.global-change-seminar.org/raps/rap_4a.htm

What to Do If Youre Bored in College

What to Do If You're Bored in College When you thought of what college would be like, you probably didnt think about it being boring. Despite all the activity that takes place on a college campus, there can be times when things do get a wee bit slow. So what can you do to help pass the time? 1. Walk to a New Part of Campus If you need something to do, one of the best ways to find something exciting is to step outside and see whats going on. Put on a pair of comfy shoes, grab your phone, and head outside to explore a part of campus youve never visited before. You just might stumble across a few friends playing rugby, a cool new part of campus where you can study, or an art exhibit that piques your interest. 2. Head to the Gym Dont feel like working out? Hitting the gym might be just the pick-me-up you need to get some energy, refocus your priorities, and pass some time. Plus, youll get exercise and the health benefits to boot. 3. Join or Start a Pick-up Game If things are a little slow on campus, chances are you arent the only one looking for something to do. Head to the gym, see who else is hanging out, and start a pick-up game. Youll burn calories, meet some new people, get some exercise, and pass the time- while possibly earning bragging rights. 4. Read Something for Fun It may sound crazy given how much reading you do in college anyway, but think about it: When was the last time you read a gossip magazine just for fun? Or caught up on the latest news about your favorite sports team?  Head to the bookstore or a local supermarket and, for a few bucks, treat yourself to some fun, easy reading that doesnt require you to take notes. 5. Do Homework in a New Location Consider this, would you rather work on your homework when youre bored or when there are tons of fun, exciting things going on that you dont want to miss? Finding a new study location can also help make doing your homework feel less tedious. A new environment can do wonders for your focus, outlook, and productivity. 6. Hang out in Your Residence Hall Lobby Your residence hall common area might seem like a place that you just pass through on the way to and from your room every day. If you time it right, you can head down, enjoy the extra space, perhaps watch a game on the TV, and meet some new people or hang out with ones you already know. It can be a nice way to do something new in a place that already feels familiar. 7. Watch a Game in Person If youre bored on campus, see if theres a game scheduled. Choose a sport you havent seen in person before. Watching rugby, soccer, softball, lacrosse, or water polo can be a great way to spend an afternoon. 8. Watch a Game on TV or the Internet So, things on campus are a little slow and boring. Grab some friends, head to the dining hall, pick up some snacks and drinks, and watch the game on TV or on the computer in your room. It might not be as exciting as watching the game in person, but it can be a great way to pass the time- especially if the weather outside is far from ideal. 9. Go to an Event Youve Never Attended   The chances of absolutely  nothing  happening on your campus at any given point in time are pretty slim. The problem might be, however, that the things that are going on just arent on your radar. Challenge yourself to step outside of your comfort zone and attend an event that youve never gone to before. 10. Go to a Cultural Event off Campus Cant find anything to do on campus? Check out the local entertainment listings of whats happening  off  campus. A  poetry slam, art fair, music festival, or some  other event can be just what you need to turn a boring day into a memorable one and get familiar with your new city at the same time. 11. Go to a Museum off Campus Youre in college because you enjoy learning new things and living an intellectual life. Take that smarty-pants brain of yours and go learn something new at a museum exhibit in town. Viewing something new and exciting from a certain time period, artist, photographer, or sculptor can be a great learning experience. If youre lucky, you can even use what you learned as bonus points in an upcoming class assignment. 12. Call and Catch up With a High School Friend Things can get so busy in college that it can be difficult to  keep in touch with your high school or hometown friends. When was the last time you had a nice, long phone call with a friend you knew before you left for college? If you have some free time and are a little bored, use the break to your advantage and catch up with an old friend. 13. Hang out in the Campus Coffee Shop The campus coffee shop offers far more than just your favorite kind of coffee. It can be a good place to get some work done, surf the Internet, people watch, or otherwise just hang out. And if youre bored, it can be a great place to get a change of scenery without spending  too much money. 14. Grab Some Friends and Head to a Movie off Campus   If you use your  student discount, you can catch a new movie, have some social time, get off campus, and mentally check out  from the stress of college life  for a few hours- all at a discounted price. 15. Grab Some Friends and Watch a Movie Online   If the weather is bad but you need something to do, grab some friends and stream a movie in someones room. Even if its a horrible movie, you and your friends will have something to laugh about. 16. Do Something Creative   For students lucky enough to have a creative streak, the time to relax and make something just for fun is rare. Turn a boring afternoon into one of those moments when you can let your creativity flow without having to worry about your upcoming assignment. 17. Crank up the Music and Organize Your Life Use a free (read: boring) afternoon to do all the things you dont want to  do  but actually need to get  done. Do your laundry,  clean up  your room, organize your paperwork, make sure your  calendar/time management system  is up to date, and generally get your  to-do list  done. Cranking up the music (or watching a movie) can help make the tasks go faster. The way youll feel when everything is done will be well worth it.

How Racism Takes 7 Different Forms

How Racism Takes 7 Different Forms Racism refers to a variety of practices, beliefs, social relations, and phenomena that work to reproduce a racial hierarchy and social structure that yield  superiority, power, and privilege for some, and discrimination and oppression for others. It can take several forms, including representational, ideological, discursive, interactional, institutional, structural,  and systemic. Racism exists when ideas and assumptions about racial categories  are used to justify and reproduce a racial hierarchy and racially structured society that unjustly limits access to resources, rights, and privileges  on the basis of race. Racism also occurs when this kind of unjust social structure is produced by the  failure  to account for race and  its  historical  and contemporary roles in society. Contrary to a dictionary definition, racism, as defined based on social science research and theory,  is about much more than race-based prejudice- it exists when an imbalance in power and social status is generated by how we understand and act upon race. The 7 Forms of Racism Racism takes seven main forms, according to social science. Rarely does any one exist on its own. Instead, racism typically operates as a combination of at least two forms working together, simultaneously. Independently and together, these seven forms of racism work to reproduce racist ideas, racist interactions and behavior, racist practices and policies, and an overall racist social structure. Representational Racism Depictions of racial stereotypes are common in popular culture and media, like the historical tendency to cast people of color as criminals and as victims of crime rather than in other roles, or as background characters rather than as leads in film and television. Also common are racial caricatures that are racist in their representations, like â€Å"mascots† for the Cleveland Indians, Atlanta Braves, and the Washington Redskins. The power of representational racism- or racism expressed in how racial groups are represented within popular culture- is that it encapsulates a whole range of racist ideas that imply inferiority, and often stupidity and untrustworthiness, in images that circulate society and permeate our culture. While those not directly harmed by representational racism might not take it seriously, the presence of such images and our interaction with them on a near-constant basis helps to keep alive the racist ideas attached to them. Ideological Racism Ideology is a word that sociologists use to refer to the world views, beliefs, and common sense ways of thinking that are normal in a society or culture. So, ideological racism is a kind of racism that colors and manifests in those things. It refers to world views, beliefs, and common sense ideas that are rooted in racial stereotypes and biases. A troubling example is the fact that many people in American society, regardless of their race, believe that  white and light skinned people are more intelligent than dark-skinned people and superior in a variety of other ways. Historically, this particular form of ideological racism supported and justified the building of European colonial empires and U.S. imperialism through the unjust acquisition of land, people, and resources around the world. Today, some common ideological forms of racism include the belief that Black women are sexually promiscuous, that Latina women are â€Å"fiery† or â€Å"hot-tempered,† and that black men and boys are criminally oriented. This form of racism has a negative impact on people of color as a whole because it works to deny them access to and/or success within education and the professional world, and subjects them to heightened police surveillance, harassment, and violence, among other negative outcomes. Discursive Racism Racism is often expressed linguistically, in the discourse we use to talk about the world and people in it. This kind of racism is expressed as racial slurs and hate speech, but also as code words that have racialized meanings embedded in them, like â€Å"ghetto,† â€Å"thug,† or â€Å"gangsta.† Just as representational racism communicates racist ideas through images, discursive racism communicates them through the actual words we use to describe people and places. Using words that rely on stereotypical racial differences to communicate explicit or implicit hierarchies perpetuates the racist inequalities that exist in society. Interactional Racism Racism often takes an interactional form, which means it is expressed in how we interact with each other. For example, a white or Asian woman walking on a sidewalk may cross the street to avoid passing closely by a black or Latino man because she is implicitly biased to see these men as potential threats. When a person of color is verbally or physically assaulted because of their race, this is interactional racism. When a neighbor calls the police to report a break-in because they do not recognize their black neighbor, or when someone automatically assumes that a person of color is a low-level employee or an assistant, though they might be a manager, executive, or owner of a business, this is interactional racism. Hate crimes are the most extreme manifestation of this form of racism. Interactional racism causes stress, anxiety, and emotional and physical harm to people of color on a daily basis. Institutional Racism Racism takes institutional form in the ways that policies and laws are crafted and put into practice through societys institutions, such as the decades-long set of policing and legal policies known as â€Å"The War on Drugs,† which has disproportionately targeted neighborhoods and communities that are composed predominantly of people of color. Other examples include New York City’s Stop-N-Frisk policy that overwhelmingly targets black and Latino males,  the practice among real estate agents and mortgage lenders of not allowing people of color to own property in certain neighborhoods and that force them to accept less desirable mortgage rates, and educational tracking policies that funnel children of color into remedial classes and trades programs. Institutional racism preserves and fuels the racial gaps in wealth, education, and social status, and serves to perpetuate white supremacy and privilege. Structural Racism Structural racism refers to the ongoing, historical, and long-term reproduction of the racialized structure of our society through a combination of all of the above forms. Structural racism manifests in widespread  racial segregation and stratification on the basis of education, income, and wealth, the recurrent displacement of people of color from neighborhoods that go through processes of gentrification, and the overwhelming burden of environmental pollution borne by people of color given its proximity to their communities. Structural racism results in large-scale, society-wide inequalities on the basis of race. Systemic Racism Many sociologists describe racism in the U.S. as systemic because the country was founded on racist beliefs that created racist policies and practices, and because that legacy lives today in the racism that courses throughout the entirety of our social system. This means that racism was built into the very foundation of our society, and because of this, it has influenced the development of social institutions, laws, policies, beliefs, media representations, and behaviors and interactions, among many other things. By this definition, the system itself is racist, so effectively addressing racism requires a system-wide approach that leaves nothing unexamined. Racism in Sum Sociologists observe a variety of styles or types of racism within these seven different forms. Some may be overtly racist, like the use of racial slurs or hate speech, or policies that intentionally discriminate against people on the basis of race. Others may be covert, kept to oneself, hidden from public view, or obscured by color-blind policies that purport to be race-neutral, though they have racist impacts. While something may not appear obviously racist at first glance, it may, in fact, prove to be racist when one examines the implications of it through a sociological lens. If it relies on stereotypical notions of race and reproduces a racially structured society, then it is racist. Due to the sensitive nature of race as a topic of conversation in American society, some have come to think that simply noticing race, or identifying or describing someone using race, is racist. Sociologists do not agree with this. In fact, many sociologists, race scholars, and anti-racist activists emphasize the importance of recognizing and accounting for race and racism as necessary in the pursuit of social, economic, and political justice.

Global harmonized system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Global harmonized system - Essay Example Initially, countries venturing into the trade of chemicals used their symbols to represent different classifications. For example, different countries developed their own symbols for acute toxicity in different chemicals. However, this proved to be challenging during trade as the symbol was probably used for a different level of toxicity. As a result, the importing country would not apply the necessary. From the Global Harmonized System classification scheme, acute toxicity is classified under health hazards. Toxicity may be transmitted through oral methods, dermal methods or through inhalation (Kutz. 2009). The standardized symbol for acute toxicity is a skull with cross bones, or an exclamation mark. The exclamation mark applies in chemical hazards that may cause damage to specific body organs. This will allow countries exporting and importing acutely toxic substances to understand the necessary precautions to be applied, in countries that have implemented the Global Harmonized Sys tem.The acute toxicity grid was designed by the United Nation to help in the monitoring of effects of oral or dermal administration of multiple or single dose of a substance within a period of 24 hours. If a chemical substance has an oral LD50 of 295 mg/kg body weight, the GHS category for acute toxicity is category 3(United Nations, 2007). This is because it is close to the maximum range mark of 300 mg/kg body weight. The inhalation LD50 range that will give a category 3 classification for acute toxicity is 50-300 mg/kg body weight.

Communication knowdgen Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Communication knowdgen - Assignment Example Workplace communication for the 21st century: Tools and strategies that impact the bottom line: V.1: Internal workplace communication; v.2: External workplace communication. 2010. Choice Reviews Online, 50-6291. 18 The company maintains an efficient and continuous communication with the city inhabitants and its clients. It issues news releases  to the local media with significant information on the city issues and services. The news releases are posted here at the exact time when they are passed to reports (Hamilton City Improvement Society, organized 2004, p.88). Persons interested in knowing more about Hamilton can contact the company’s communication officers. 22 Employees and clients are often invited to attend the Public meetings and consultation sessions. These are usually hosted in the city of Hamilton and comprise a many public consultations on a varied series of local and city-wide subjects (Hamilton City Improvement Society, organized 2004, p.88). The company values the publics view and hopes to get informative debates with inhabitants, companies, and other major stakeholders from allover of the City. 23 There are many forms of print communication, involve all forms of printed literature with relevant business information (Curtis 2009, p.11). They range from newsletters, microfiche, books, microfilm to periodicals.   24 Perrigot, R., Kacker, M., Basset, G., & Cliquet, G. (2012) Antecedents of Early Adoption and Use of Social Media Networks for Stakeholder Communications: Evidence from Franchising*. Journal of Small Business Management, 539-565. 36 Workplace communication for the 21st century: Tools and strategies that impact the bottom line: V.1: Internal workplace communication; v.2: External workplace communication. 2010. Choice Reviews Online, 50-6291. 36 When starting any business organization, it is crucial to assess the most relevant methods of managing information and knowledge requirements. It is also important to define the

Digital Technologys Impact On The Film Industry Media Essay

Digital Technologys Impact On The Film Industry Media Essay Digital technology in the last decade has completely transformed the film industry. Focusing on the key methods of film making and the impact that technology has had on each area, this editorial will look at recent modifications in the pre-production part of film making, followed by a look at the new equipment and storage facilities being used by modern filmmakers. Film distribution and the negative impacts that technology has had on the field, particularly on the illegal sale and piracy of copyrighted material is investigated. Post-theatre film distribution and the changing breakthrough technologies in this field are explored to look at the constant changes in education and training of professionals in the film industry. Computer generated graphics and its increasing impact on the film industry is covered, and the future of the industry is predicted. Digital tools and technology have altered the script writing process by making use of the internet and digital editing tools. The internet is being used by scriptwriters to forward their scripts to directors and potential cast members but it also caters for peer reviews by way of online forums (Huang 2004). There has been a significant increase in the last decade in the use of digital video cameras for low-budget film shooting along with higher definition video which is set to match and go beyond the standard 35 mm film both in the quality and flexibility (Culkin Randle 2003, p.5). The post production phase of film making has arguably been the most significantly impacted by new trends in technology. The introduction of non-linear technology has made the use of hand edited films inefficient, and too time consuming. This process, created by Avid, involves piecing together the film in a virtual environment where both the director and editor view the output on a screen (Culkin Randle 2 003, p.8). The entire process of filmmaking has been digitalized, everything from the distribution to the projection of films to audiences. However, the lack of standards and commercial agreements between distributors and exhibitors has slowed down the conversion to digital technologies. For example, only 170 cinemas around the world have converted to what is known as high-end digital (Culkin Randle 2003, p.9). Profit margins for movie studios are reported to be decreasing, now being outnumbered by the video game industry. Satellite delivery of feature films to cinemas have recently made its debut and reports indicate that upon full implementation of using this method of film distribution can save the film industry in excess of $700 million per annum (Markman Vega 2001, p. 1). A major downside for the film industry is that recent technological breakthroughs have made the piracy of copyrighted material very affordable. Primarily for music and film content, this has lead to some major lawsuits against peer-to-peer networks and individuals as a result of the copying and distribution of these materials. This is one of the film industries main issues it will have to overcome when the public has access to this low cost copying equipment (peer-to-peer networks, DVD and CD writers). Suffice to say that it has never been so easy for frauds or even honest users to created perfect versatile copies of films (Markman Vega 2001, p.1). However, the film industry has attempted to decrease the risk of  ¿Ã‚ ½pirates ¿Ã‚ ½ copying movies by creating the Content Scrambling System (CSS). With this encryption algorithm, only authentic DVD products which contain the decryption algorithm can play the movie. This technology rearranges the audio and video on the DVD so that only a DVD with its decryption algorithm can play the film correctly. It was also created to prevent users from copying data from DVDs. However, not long after a Norwegian teenage boy reverse engineered a DVD player which contained the decryption algorithm, cracked the CSS code and uploaded the decryption software for users around the world to use (Markman Vega 2001, p.2). The post-theatre market accounts roughly for three quarters of a film ¿Ã‚ ½s profits during its lifetime. The largest of these are video rental stores which account for nearly half of all proceeds. The DVD has completely changed the industry, becoming the fastest growing consumer electronics item of all time (Culkin Randle 2003, p.5). DVD ¿Ã‚ ½s have undoubtedly increased movie studios ¿Ã‚ ½ income when it decided to provide content to the home end consumer with incredible sound and picture quality which does not degrade like ordinary VHS cassettes (Markman Vega 2001, p.2). A new and rapidly growing area in the distribution market is  ¿Ã‚ ½Movie-on-demand ¿Ã‚ ½. This is where consumers download movies over the internet instead of going down to their local video store. The advantage of this technology is clear: no late fees and no inconvenience for traveling (Culkin Randle 2003, p.17). Rapid modifications in the film industry in recent years have forced many professionals in the audio and visual industries to acquire new and specialized skills. This is an ongoing process in some industries, one example is that the post-production industries are required to have constant upgrades of tools and software which leads to continual re-training of staff which in turns increase production costs (Culkin Randle 2003, p.18). Future allocations might involve allowing editors in different countries to edit film by accessing digitized media on a server without actually leaving the comfort of his or her house or office. The same will be possible for all kinds of sound editing (Bishop, Case, Axarlis, Plante Allsop 2000). Satellite distributions to cinemas are at the forefront of future film distributions. George Lucas, the author and director of the Star Wars series, is preparing to use satellite technology to display the next episode in cinemas. This process of digitally distributing and exhibiting the film through data projectors are known as E-Cinema. Inexpensive and flexible distribution is the main advantage of this process; however Cinemas will have to acquire substantial expenses when converting from film to digital projection. This technology is very much still in the development stage and the impact that E-Cinema will have on film making is not yet clear (Bishop, Case, Axarlis, Plante Allsop 2000). Gregory Huang ¿Ã‚ ½s article entitled  ¿Ã‚ ½The New Face of Hollywood ¿Ã‚ ½ examines the advancement in computer animated graphics in the past year. Recent blockbuster movies like Spiderman 3 and Beowulf are good examples of how far computer generated graphics have come in recent years. The film industry has progressed into a stage whereby every single event during the film making process can be computer generated (Sagar in Huang 2004). In the past, digital representations of faces have not looked  ¿Ã‚ ½real ¿Ã‚ ½ when one looked at it closely as it is a lot easier to make non-human objects like dinosaurs  ¿Ã‚ ½real ¿Ã‚ ½; however, advances in rendering human skin, lighting digital scenes and examining human actors are now allowing animation engineers to control the texture and movement of every little square of pixels in an animated skin. Huang (2004) reports that an average budget for a blockbuster movie is approximately $150 million where it is not uncommon to see mo re than 50% of funding allocated to computer generated effects. It is clear that there has not been one area within the film industry that has not been at least somewhat impacted by technology over the last 5 years. The major impacts for pre-production stage have been the development of script-writing tools as well as the increased use of the internet to distribute scripts to directors and other interested parties. Generally equipment costs have reduced while at the same time quality and flexibility of the products have dramatically increased. The birth of non-linear technology has all but made hand edited films an extinct specie and fast-tracked the whole editing process (Culkin Randle 2003, p.5). Major advancements have been made with satellite distributions to cinemas recently making its debut. The major concern with improving technologies for end-users is that it has become extremely easy for consumers to copy copyrighted material and suffice to say that is arguably one of the biggest battles the film industry will face during the coming yea rs (Markman Vega 2001, p.2). DVD ¿Ã‚ ½s are the leading technology in the post-theatre film market, with  ¿Ã‚ ½Movies-on-demand ¿Ã‚ ½ set to explode exponentially over the coming years (Culkin Randle 2003, p.17). Finally this article examined the amazing advances in computer generated effects in films the past year, and today the industry has reached a stage where every conceivable scene can be computer generated if resources are committed to achieve the desired goal. Technology is set to continue to revolutionize the film industry for many years to come (Huang 2004).

Blue Streak Essay

What suggestions would you offer to Art to improve his operation? It seems as though, Art prematurely opened the two locations in neighboring states. Because Art was a constant figure in his other locations from inception, the vision that he had for those locations were taught and able to be practiced to his standards. There are at least three areas in which this operation can be improved. It is clear that art believes that the common denominator in the success of all his other locations is his presence. At the locations in neighboring states his managers feel as though, he frequents the locations too much. There is a clear disconnect in his intent and their out look of the situation. His manager likely believe that he doesn’t trust them to effectively manage, and do the job in which they were hired. They likely seem his as a micromanager. I believe that this problem can be solved with simple communication. He explains the reasoning behind his constant visitations and Iâ€℠¢m sure his manager will be able to understand his reasoning and that will relieve some of the tension. Also, his managers do not seem to know what Art is expecting of them as managers. This problem can be handled with training. Art may want to think about closing down his locations for a limited period of time in order to teach his managers what is expected of them. When Art visited these locations, it seems as though he never effectively What management skills must Art master if he is to resolve his problems and continue to grow? Conceptual skills may help him to understand that in order for the company to succeed he needs to plan and organize his goals. Using these skills increases the ability to see the organization as a whole. It would help Mr. Benton to understand the relationships among the different offices and see how the organization fits into its broader environment. These skills are cruel for the top management and will the company will grow and it will also allow Mr. Benton to grow as a person. Mr. Benton can apply the skills mastered in his company by realizing how the out-of-state offices are connected to the other offices. By understanding this he can understand the business as a whole and decide on the objectives and then proceeding to plan and organize management task. Therefore, mastering conceptual skills are  recommended to learn since it will help the CEO understand the company as whole making better decisions and resolving the problems at easier way.

Essay about Code Hero Frederic Henry in Hemingways A...

In Ernest Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms, the code hero is the protagonist Lieutenant Frederic Henry. Frederic is no exception and presents with the common features of any Hemingway hero. He treats women as mere objects of sexual pleasure, religion and the afterlife as inconsequential, and defeat with a measure of grace and finesse incomparable. His love for Catherine Barkley is sexually motivated, the author consistently casts a level of skepticism on religion through Frederic and his interactions, and even while facing the death of his child and beloved Catherine, Frederic walks away evidently unfazed. The relationship between Frederic and Catherine begins early on in A Farewell to Arms, setting the groundwork for the entirety of the†¦show more content†¦When asked about whether he had ever slept with a prostitute, the exchange goes, â€Å"But you never did? Really? / No. / Not really. Tell me the truth. / ‘No,’ I lied.† He answers in a manner th at he knows will appease her, much like the game he alluded to only about 70 or so pages ago. Only short thereafter he has sexual relations with her, and the reader is expected to believe that their love is true. The idea of religion is repeatedly cast doubt upon by the characters in the novel and reflects on Frederic’s apatheistic views. In an exchange between Count Greffi and Frederic, the latter character says, â€Å"My own [religious feeling] comes only at night.† This line is reflective of Frederic’s human association with the problem of afterlife. While he does not concern himself with religion and the afterlife, with no discernable belief in one, Frederic comes to fear death and hopes for life afterwards. To allude to a famous aphorism, â€Å"There are no atheists in foxholes.† While Frederic may fear death and hope for an afterlife under distress, that does not put him in a position to actually believe in one. Our protagonist finally handles death almost nonchalantly, shrugging it off with absolutely no show of emotion. At the still-born death of his son, Frederic writes it off with the lines, â€Å"I wished †¦ I’d been choked like that. No I didn’t. [†¦] That was what you did. You died. You did not know what it was about. You neverShow MoreRelatedDiscussion of Stereotypes in a Farewell to Arms1449 Words   |  6 Pagesif they had really happened, Hemingway wrote just five years after publishing A Farewell to Arms, a novel written about the war in Italy, which is ironic because A Farewell to Arms can be seen as a semi-autobiographical novel, as some of the events that occur in the novel are based off of Hemingways own life. The parallels from the novel and Hemingways life are evident-- the protagonist, Lieutenant Frederic Henry, is an ambulance driver in the Italian army, just as Hemingway himself was an ambulanceRead More Frederick Henry Discovered Essay1901 Words   |  8 PagesFrederick Henry Di scovered In A Farewell to Arms, Ernest Hemingway uses his idea of the code hero to introduce us to an amazing character. Hemingway takes his own ideas and conveys them through Frederic Henry. During World War I Frederic Henry proves to us that war and lost love can change a strong and willing man. Most men are not willing to change and Frederic Henry realized that in order for him to survive the many problems he was faced with, he would have to become a more mature manRead MoreHemmingway: Catherine as a Code Hero1708 Words   |  7 PagesCatherine: A Manipulative Caretaker In A Farewell to Arms, Frederic Henry is characterized initially by a sort of detachment from life-though well-disciplined and friendly, he feels as if he has nothing to do with the war. These feelings of detachment are pushed away when Henry falls in love with Catherine and begins to realize the hostile nature of the world. In this way, Henry serves the function of a character that becomes initiated in Hemingways philosophy of an indifferent universe and mansRead More heroarms A Comparison of Code Heroes of A Farewell to Arms and For Whom the Bell Tolls2088 Words   |  9 PagesThe Code Heroes of A Farewell to Arms and For Whom the Bell Tolls      Ã‚  Ã‚  In Ernest Hemingways fiction, there is something known as the Hemingway Hero.   This term is usually applied to the male protagonist in his works.   The Hemingway hero illustrates a variety of traits, ranging from heavy drinking to his role as a leader among the characters with whom he interacts.   Traits of this hero also resemble the personal characteristics of Hemingway himself, and the hero usually finds himself inRead MoreFrederic Henry: Code Hero835 Words   |  4 PagesA Hemingway Code Hero is a trait that almost every main character of Ernest Hemingway’s novels possesses. 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Frederic Henry is the driving code hero in A Farewell to Arms through the war as he shows much courage through the warzone, powers courageously through a struggle to validate himself, and acts in a realistic manner through his struggle with Catherine. Through his injuries from the blast, Frederic Henry shows that he is the main code hero as he exhibits courage by being eager to rush out of the hospital. After being hit by the blast, the doctor in the hospital inquire of Frederic, Do youRead MoreThe Characteristics of Hemingways Works2503 Words   |  11 PagesThe Characteristics of Hemingway’s Works Ernest Hemingway, who was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1953 and the Nobel Prize of Literature in 1954, occupies an outstanding position in the American literature. He is regarded as one of the most influential writers of the twentieth century. Hemingway is famous for his distinct writing style and his â€Å"Code Hero.† In addition, his many great works are based on his experiences of war. Hemingway’s writing style is arguably the most distinctive characteristicRead MoreCharacter Analysis : A Farewell To Arms871 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the novel A Farewell to Arms by Ernest Hemingway, Frederic Henry’s actions and attitudes towards the people he meets and the experiences he encounters reflect his development as a Hemingway Code Hero. The Hemingway Hero is a very distant person who goes through life unattached. He is physically there, but emotionally uninvolved. Frederic Henry possesses these traits over the course of the book. He develops as a Hemingway Hero because no matter where he goes or what he experiences, he is

Sin Nombre Movie Essay - 1459 Words

INTRODUCTION The movie I chose to do my movie analysis on was Sin Nombre. I chose this movie because it stood out to me the most, mainly because of the title in Spanish. I used four concepts while analyzing this epic movie. First I applied the power elite theory to see who had the power in this power city and how they used their power. Then I used the social conflict theory to see what caused the people to get into the gangs and how the gangs acted to the people. The socialization theory is shown in the sense that the gang makes people believe that they are a part of a family when they join. The last concept I used was deviance because of all the violence that happened in the movie. DESCRIPTION OF THE MOVIE In Cary Fukunaga’s†¦show more content†¦The authorities are rarely seen in this movie aside from the border patrol that catches Sayra, her father, and uncle. Here we are shown how corrupt the police are when they tell everyone they catch to strip down and give them all their valuables. Social Conflict Theory: The Social Conflict Theory states that people who are put down tend to stay down and be dictated by the force keeping them down. In the impoverished city in which this movie takes place in we see that people are very needy and have no dignity. It is in towns like this that many gangs find their burrows grounds and infiltrate these shanty towns to begin their cartels and reigns of terror. Here the people do not like the MS13 gang, but cannot do anything about it because they will be killed instantly. MS13 treat the people like dirt and freely rob, rape, and kill the people whenever they feel like it. Socialization: Socialization is when people are changed either at birth, due to their environment, or an outside change. In the movie we see how young Benito gets involved with MS13 and gets jumped into the gang. Here, in the MS13 gang, they instill in him their values, regulations, and beliefs. Benito then feels like he is a part of something. They make Benito kill a rival gang member, chop him up into pieces, and feed him to the dogs. After this task has been done he can be a real member of MS13. MS13 makes Benito feel like he is a part of their twisted family when they name him SmileyShow MoreRelatedThe Sleep Dealer : An Alien Body3180 Words   |  13 Pagesworks concerning migration across borders. At the time of its release, Sleep Dealer was just one of a series of films made by Latin American directors that focused on the precariousness of life in the global south. The films include such works as Sin Nombre (Cary Fukunaga 2007), Roma (Adolfo Aristarain 2004) Maria Full of G race (Joshua Marston 2004 ) and Babel,(Alejandro Gonzà ¡lez 2006) and Biutiful (Alejandro Gonzà ¡lez Ià ±Ãƒ ¡rritu 2010). Encompassing various styles and subjects films of the so called

Eco/365 Essay example - 628 Words

Supply and Demand simulation LaKeith A. Atkins Sr. ECO/365 February 28, 2013 Watson Ragin Supply and Demand simulation †¢ Identify two microeconomics and two macroeconomics principles or concepts from the simulation. Explain why you have categorized these principles or concepts as macroeconomic or microeconomic. Supply and demand was affected by decreasing the rent to lower the vacancy percentage and maximize revenue for the company. This process is considered a temporary fix on a month-to-month basis and a good example of microeconomics. Another example of microeconomics is when the new company came into town and increased the population along with jobs. The population and job increase suggest they increase rental rates in†¦show more content†¦This adjustment will continue until equilibrium is reached between the new demand curve and original supply curve. At the new equilibrium, the rental rate is higher than before, and the number of apartments demanded and supplied has increase (University of Phoenix, 2003). †¢ How may you apply what you learned about supply and demand from the simulation to your workplace or your understanding of a real-world product with which you are familiar? Supply and demand in my job market is based on attendance. Anytime we are expecting high attendance we order a higher volume of goods. When lower attendance we order a lower volume of goods even though the demand for the good may still be there. The attendance also affects the amount of employee we having working on any giving day. †¢ How do the concepts of microeconomics help you understand the factors that affect shifts in supply and demand on the equilibrium price and quantity? The supply and demand in microeconomics relies on competitors and the prices. The equilibrium is a point at which all the bidding is done. †¢ How do the concepts of macroeconomics help you understand the factors that affect shifts in supply and demand on the equilibrium price and quantity? Macroeconomics showed how the increase in jobs and population affects the increase or decrease on the apartments. Equilibrium rental rate is higher than before, and the number of apartments demanded and supplied has increase †¢ Relating to the simulation,Show MoreRelatedEco/365651 Words   |  3 PagesWhat is an externality? Provide at least three examples. How does one of the examples you provided affect the market outcome? What is the role of government in addressing the implications of an externality you provided as an example? Is it possible that a government’s solution to a market failure would worsen the failure? Explain your answer. Externality is defined as an effect of a decision on a third party not taken into account by the decision maker. There are two types of externalities beingRead MoreEco 3653142 Words   |  13 PagesCourse Design Guide School of Business ECO/365 Version 4 Principles of Microeconomics Copyright  © 2011, 2008, 2007, 2006 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course provides students with the basic theories, concepts, terminology, and uses of microeconomics. Students learn practical applications for microeconomics in their personal and professional lives through assimilation of fundamental concepts and analysis of actual economic events. Policies Read MoreEco 365 Final1137 Words   |  5 PagesFinal Exam University of Phoenix ECO/365 Question One    What is the most important determinant of price elasticity of demand? Why is this so?    Price elasticity that relates to demand is determined by many factors. Price elasticity is measured by the change in price and the response from consumer demand. The demand of a good or service will vary the price in the item. The most important factor to determine the price elasticity of demand is necessity. If a good is a necessity, theRead MoreStudy Guide Eco/3652084 Words   |  9 PagesECO/365 Final Examination Study Guide This study guide prepares you for the Final Examination you complete in the last week of the course. It contains practice questions, which are related to each week’s objectives. Highlight the correct response, and then refer to the answer key at the end of this Study Guide to check your answers. Use each week’s questions as a self-test at the start of a new week to reflect on the previous week’s concepts. When you come across concepts that you are unfamiliarRead Moreeco 365 week syllabus1755 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿ Syllabus School of Business ECO/365 Version 4 Principles of Microeconomics Copyright  © 2011, 2008, 2007, 2006 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course provides students with the basic theories, concepts, terminology, and uses of microeconomics. Students learn practical applications for microeconomics in their personal and professional lives through assimilation of fundamental concepts and analysis of actual economic events. Policies FacultyRead Moreeco/365 week 2 individual1293 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Supply and Demand Simulation ECO 365 Supply and Demand Simulation The Supply and Demand simulation was reviewed on the student website demonstrated the concepts of the concepts of microeconomics and macroeconomics. The principles of microeconomics and macroeconomics were explained and applied throughout the simulation demonstrate the rationale for the shifts in the supply and demand curve. Each shift is analyzed showing the effects of the equilibriumRead MoreEssay about Eco/365 Supply and Demand863 Words   |  4 PagesSupply and Demand ECO/365 Supply and Demand The economy is run by the concept of supply and demand. The simulation provided a practical learning experience that brings together the concept of micro and macro economics. I will try to summarize my findings and the inner workings of the concept of supply and demand that the simulation offered. Economics is defined as â€Å"the study of how human beings coordinate their wants and desires, given the decision-making mechanisms, socialRead MoreSupply Demand Paper Eco/3651105 Words   |  5 PagesSupply and Demand Simulation University of Phoenix May 9, 2013 ECO/365 - Principles of Microeconomics The Supply and Demand Simulation consist of microeconomics and macroeconomics concepts. The concepts are explained and how they apply to the principle of microeconomics and macroeconomics. The simulations presents shifts in the supply and demand curve, the rationale for the shift is given. Each shift is analyzed showing the effects of the equilibrium price, quantity, and decision makingRead MoreEco 365 Supply Demand Paper1082 Words   |  5 PagesSupply amp; Demand Simulation Erica Bradford ECO/365 June 19, 2013 Jeremy Alessandro Supply amp; Demand Simulation Goodlife Management is the sole provider of apartments available for rent in the city of Atlantis in which the supply and demand simulation provided by UPOX takes place. The simulation provides excellent, real-life examples of how the supply and demand curves may shift based upon various factors that occur within the market in Atlantis. The following details such examples asRead MoreKudler Fine Food- Eco 365 Essay1106 Words   |  5 PagesDifferentiating Between Market Structures in Kudler ECO 365/ Lisa Messemer Sharonda Shelton July 23, 2012 Kudler Foods specializes in providing unique and high quality ingredients for the gourmet chef. In an effort to increase profits, the company is interested in adding catering to its service offerings. The

Conviction Offense and Prison Violence Free Essays

Conviction offense and prison violence The study of the above statement by John Sorensen and mark D. Cunningham reveals that the disciplinary data done in 2003, involving 51,527 inmates who were serving sentences in the department of corrections of Florida and of the 51,527 involved to generate that data, 9,586 were homicide convicts charged on different degrees of homicide. The homicide convicts were amongst those researched on in respect to their involvement in prison violence and misconducts. We will write a custom essay sample on Conviction Offense and Prison Violence or any similar topic only for you Order Now Previous misconducts related to discipline and other forms of violence reported by the numbers of inmates present at the time of the evaluation which was 14,088 and a class of inmates who are kept under strict and direct supervision, of which they were 4,113 in total, were also considered. The preference and prevalence of violence in prisons reduced as the seriousness of the crime under which the inmate was sentenced increases. The study revealed that close custody inmates were not involved in or have had anything to do with the violence that erupts in the facilities in which they are located. Moreover, some negative regression models used to evaluate this observation shows that â€Å"serious† convicted offenders are less involved in prison violence than their colleagues who have been convicted of way less charges. The â€Å"three strike laws† provides the law courts with the power to impose harsher judgments and more severe punishments if a person is convicted more than three times with the degrees of the charges increasing. The laws however, limit the punishment to life imprisonment. In another study related to this, it was found that correctional facilities experienced more cases of institutional misbehaviors than those facilities that are meant for confinement with no correctional intentions. Actual figures from the study shows that inmates in confinement facilities are less likely to be involved in any form of institutional misconducts than their counterparts in correctional facilities where most cases of these misconducts are reported and on a regular basis. This study can see an increase of officers in this correctional facilities and more tough rules on prison discipline inside correctional facilities. Violent girls or relabeled status offenders? Feld Barry C in his work about whether convicted girls should be addressed as violent girls or should be relabeled as status offenders who in most cases usually refers the offences that minors commit reveals that the government who are the policy makers and the juvenile justice system has expressed their worries about the rising number of young girls being arrester over â€Å"petty† issues. Other interested parties in this issues have seen that the cause of the arrests to be the following; ? Due to the fact that the public is â€Å"tired† of the bad behaviors exhibited by these girls leading to their regular arrests. ? Increased monitoring of home related violence in which the girls are the most adversely affected group and which can result in behavior change on the part of the girl. Policy change in the juvenile justice system and also the changes in the way parents go about with their parenting of the girl child. The author is for the idea that there should not be institutionalization of these status offenders which is reflected in the policy changing of the juvenile justice and delinquencies prevention act -deinstitutionalization encourages that minor offenders be referred to as delinquents so as to make those institutions where these â€Å"proving difficult to deal with† are confined. The author goes ahead to analyze data on the pattern of arrest and the confinement records for both and girls who are termed to be violent and have been charged following simple and aggravated acts, questioning that the fluctuating figures in number of victims and the rate differences, and the confinement of these violent girls and boys agrees to a different manner of the increase in girls violence that moves together with the thesis that explains social construction. In a different study but on the same issue of the girl rehabilitation programs, one program named multi-systemic therapy has been a success because it provides a holistic manner where a team from the state or government work together with the parents of the affected girls and in the process tries to change the parent’s behavior. This is usually done where parental activities have been found to be a cause for the girl’s behavior change and therefore influences negatively on the child’s growth and development. The team working with the parents also goes to the extent of going to the schools and evaluating if the child is responding positively to the whole program. The only real problem and hence a constraint of this very effective program is the cost, it’s too expensive and many parents cannot afford it. The study also reveals that non-specific gender programs works more effectively than gender specific programs. However, the study also shows that programs that are gender specific have positive effects in certain areas that include; improved relationship with family members, employment, education and other psychological social outcomes. How to cite Conviction Offense and Prison Violence, Essay examples

Leading Dtrategies to Identify Theory

Question: Discuss about the Leading Dtrategies to Identify Theory. Answer: Introduction: A successful university looks at the long haul objectives while recruiting students. Moreover, the information identified should help build a strong long term relationship with the prospective students. So, in a recruitment process, a recruiter would have the academic results in mind as well as the age, availability, goals, interests and the financial capabilities (Collins 2017). Using the performance index set by the institution, a recruiter can determine the students that the university desires based on their academic, athletic or talent performance. High-quality students would be determined by their performance, the first major set in the recruitment process. In addition to this, the recruiter would then analyse the data to merge the goals of the institution with those of the recruits. From the age, goals and interests, a recruiter can determine the objectives held by the student. Personal objectives can then determine the overall value of the students, this because a student may have all the necessary credentials but have a negative performance in a given institution as his goals do not align with those of the chosen institution. Furthermore, this information will also determine the area of study desired by the student. In Now, multiple areas of specialisation for instance in an academic institution are a good recruitment strategy that can guarantee high end, quality students are obtained (Blackboard 2014). Moreover, a recruiter would know the support needed by each student, from financial capabilities to physical challenges based on the extra no academic information. This information is valuable in identifying the role played by the uni versity in helping the students achieve their goals. Finally, it is through this overall, analysed information that a recruiter would identify the best students with the best qualities to meet the institutions objectives. Describe the five forces in Porters competitive forces model and explain how the internet has affected each one Porters five forces model is a business strategic tool used to identify the power held by a business. In essence, this model helps identify the strengths of competitors and the value of the position intended by a business (Entrepreneur 2015). Lately, this tool has seen drastic changes owing to the World Wide Web and now occurs in a more dynamic world than when it was originally set by Michael Porter in 1979. One of these forces is competition, competition has changed with the introduction of digital business. New businesses leveraging on new design platforms are cropping up each day, this has seen many businesses go bankrupt or merged to survive (Evans 2015). Secondly, the bargaining power of both buyer and suppliers has increased because of the transparency is seen in the pricing. Moreover, suppliers are able to form many new partnerships accelerated by similar digital models. On the other hand, buyers have instant access to information and can determine the best source of products, hence have an increased bargaining power. Thirdly, consider the threat of substitutes imposed by the different products and services available. Digital business has brought many substitutes to the older and traditional businesses, for instance, taxi services can now be met by a combination of digital platform and the taxis themselves (Uber and the Uber drivers) (Ness 2008). Such combinations in business have lowered the barriers to entry in business the fourth aspect of the five force model. In essence, today's businesses are able to compete in a virtual world where the room of expansion is much larger than the physical world. Finally, with the improved resou rce accessibility comes renewed and enforced competition. This competition has fuelled the rivalry between existing competitors catalysed by the emerging competition. Differentiate between data warehouses and data marts. Describe a few of characteristics of a data warehouse Data warehouses are analytic solutions to existing problems of redundant information. They use an integration of diverse as well as redundant data to offer conclusive decisions. Furthermore, data warehouses are relational databases that are designed to analyse strategic information. Data marts, on the other hand, are decision support systems that use subjective approach to analyse information. In essence, data marts are a subset of an organisation data that deal with a specific department or specific events (Firestone 1997). Moreover, data marts are created with a specific purpose in mind, for instance, measuring the performance of a new product. They may also hold large amounts of data but will always have lesser data as compared to data warehouses within the same organisation. Data warehouses are an efficient way to meet the needs for decision support systems (DSS). DSS systems are then used by big organisations to make decisions that offer the best outcomes. Data warehouses help extract information from mass and heterogeneous data sources, for this, they are subject oriented focusing on specific aspects of information. Secondly, they are integrated as they simplify analytics from a long range of information gathered from different (heterogeneous) sources. In addition to this, data warehouses are time variant which means their viability and significance depends on time and may change with it. Finally, data stored in a warehouse is always non-volatile as its never updated on time but is updated by an organisations operational systems. Therefore, data added to a given data warehouse is done to supplement the operations of the data rather than to replace it (Inmon 2002). Discuss the strategic benefits of BI systems Businesses seeking competitive advantage over their rivals must understand the information they generate while conducting business. Information ranging from the sales they make, expenditure costs and even number of employees must be strategically analysed to make the best decision (Guarda, Santos, Pinto, Augusto Silva 2013). Business intelligence offers innovative ideas in terms of technology to boost information analysis and decision-making processes. Many benefits are associated with BI systems, more so in decision making where many businesses fail, consider the following benefits. One, reduced overall labour costs, with BI systems the time spent producing an organisations report is eliminated. Instead of manual input, they simplify the system by automating these processes i.e. from data collection to analysis. Two, it eliminates guess work and in its place offers quick business responses. BI provides accurate and updated information that is usually based on real time data. This information is then used to forecast future solutions for the business, helping it meet its objectives. Moreover, it is through BI systems that a company can learn about its customers behaviour. Customer behaviour affects the decisions made by customers and therefore, a business can align its products to suit a certain behaviour hence maximise its performance. Finally, BI systems eliminate the information bottleneck experienced by end users who are forced to wait on the expert analyst to obtain an organisation information. BI systems will allow authorised users to access information and even allow them to turn it into actionable data used to make specific, subject oriented decisions (Goewey 2015). Why are authentication and authorisation important to e-commerce? E-commerce is the commercial or business transactions that occur over the internet e.g. buying goods online, transfer of money etc. Unlike normal business transactions where you exchange money (physical) for the good and where control is exhibited, the internet present a completely different environment. First, the internet is an open network that anybody can connect to at any given time or place. Furthermore, people have different intentions while engaging in online activities, for instance, some do so for the sole purpose of stealing (Wills 2014). Authentication and authorization offer security measures to safeguard innocent individuals engaging in genuine transactions. Authentication provides the necessary credentials to prove the identity of the individuals involved, this because most e-commerce transactions occur with parties who are unable to see each other. Furthermore, the person on one side of a said transaction is unknown to the other, therefore authentication offers the necessary identification procedures or protocols to prove the authenticity of the person involved in a transaction. Authorization, on the other hand, provides the limits or permissions that a certain entity has to access certain resources (Kabay 2002). Authorization allows the correct and verified parties to conduct business without interference from third party members. Both authentication and authorization enforce important encryption features such as non-repudiation and data integrity. These trust related features ensure the correct data is transferred from one party to another and also ensures the data reaches its destination unaltered by other parties over the internet. Finally, both authentication and authorization provide the leery public with the confidence to conduct online transactions. E-commerce is such a success because of the convenience it offers and the number of people who use it. Encryption technologies that encapsulate these two security features ensure user communicate securely with different merchants over the internet. List 3 Web 2.0 social networking tools and describe how you would use each for marketing your products Web 2.0 is the greater advancement of online technology as seen today where as compared to the original days of the web/the internet. The current system is seen to have more collaborations, interactivity, persuasiveness and connectivity. E-commerce is highly prevalent today which has led to e-marketing especially under social media platforms, where a high influence is seen because of the user numbers. Moreover, its estimated that many people spend time on social media sites as compared to any other form human activity (Ferlazzo 2012). Below are some of these social networking tools used today. Twitter Its membership includes celebrities, politicians, news networks among other individuals, in essence, it has members in all aspects of life. Twitter through its design is able to act as a small micro-blogging site where members update their followers. These updates known as tweets can be business products that can instantaneously be seen by millions of customers based on the followers one has at a particular time. Blog sites blog sites such as Edublogs provide businesses with a quick platform to showcase products and provide detailed information to customers in a more social environment. A business can market their product freely without using the formal restriction seen in formal advertisements or websites. Moreover, the products can be evaluated by the customers who are able to leave instant feedbacks Facebook Facebook is one of the best social media platforms to market a companys product especially those meant for young people. To date, its still associated with the young and allows users to share pictures, videos and other items relevant to a business. Furthermore, a business can pay for Facebook adverts at a pay per click procedure, this can increase the accessibility of the said adverts and product. Discuss the major limitations of e-commerce. Which of these limitations are likely to disappear? Why? E-commerce offers many benefits to both the customers and service providers. However, there are some limitations that are experienced when dealing with this form of business, some of which are technical while others are non-technical. Technically, the biggest drawback of e-commerce is security, where systems used are unreliable and lack the necessary specifications to offer good security measures. Moreover, technology is still evolving and with each security, protocol comes a way to break it. Secondly, special web servers are needed to set up e-commerce infrastructure which is sometimes difficult to integrate with the current, existing systems. Far from these technical limitations are the non-technical limitations, some of which can be easily rectified if well managed. The tax issue is still a big limitation in e-commerce, this because buyers and sellers of online goods are sometimes situated in different countries which have different taxation laws. In the end, the business transactions may have to account for extra computations owing to the different taxation laws. Secondly, we have fear, fear exhibited by the user of the internet who in some cases fear to conduct business with organisations which lack a physical presence. Moreover, product suitability affects the purchases made as some delivered products greatly differ from the delivered products (Money matters 2017). Tax issues are limitations that can easily disappear with the implementation of international taxation laws. Furthermore, these laws can cover only e-commerce transactions to maintain the jurisdiction held by individual countries. Fear of conducting online business will slowly disappear as seen today where more people are engaged in e-commerce than in the past. People now trust these transactions owing to their success, efficiency and convenience. Moreover, there are proper security measures to protect one's online assets. Describe the benefits of integrated accounting software packages Every business experiencing a high growth rate and a high customer expansion rate encounters many difficult decisions. These decisions either make or break the business based on their outcomes. Employing proper, strategic planning techniques coupled by integrated business software systems helps accelerate the speed to reach the set goals. Accounting software packages are a good example of these integrated systems which help make financial decisions e.g. employee salaries and expenditure costs. Speed is the first major benefits associated with these integrated systems. Automated packages that perform invoicing duties make the accounting processes fast and efficient. Moreover, they facilitate higher workloads where entire departments are evaluated at a single instance. On top of this, computerised systems minimise errors associated with the accounting process. Users are only required to enter information and set the regulating parameters such as percentage or fractions while the software packages do the rest. In itself, this automation reduces confusion on the end result of the overall computations. Speaking of the end results, these systems also enable users to produce accurate reports, reports that can run different comparison algorithms based on a companys performance. Finally, consider the organisation and accessibility offered by these software packages. Humans are prone to errors and can easily lose a physical spreadsheet having a businesss accounts. However, with mode rn storage solutions, a business can have multiple back-ups to a single accounting document, properly organised within the companys infrastructure (Shanker 2017). Explain why web-based customer interaction centres are critical for successful CRM Systems Many companies today try to engage with their customers through interactive CRM systems, these interactive CRM systems are implemented through multiple communication channels, for instance, call centres and web applications. The general objective of these systems is to understand the customer preference and therefore, customise the products to fit the needs of these customers. In addition to this, CRM systems are now facilitated by customer interaction centres (CIC), centres that solely focus on the needs of the customers. Web-based CICs enable a one on one interaction with the customers while offering the advantage of confidentiality. Customers feel safe to offer their own opinion which is unsolicited by the parties involved. Furthermore, many people spend most of their time online as compared to any other aspects of CIC systems. In fact, its easier to obtain accurate feedback from customers online as compared to face to face interviews or even telephone reviews. In addition to this, web based CICs are cheaper as the medium used is already available (internet) and all that is needed is access to it. Finally, web based CIC are an automated way for a business to have customer interactions. Technology today calls for automated systems, systems that run on immediate command, free of human involvement, therefore web based CIC are critical as they offer the conveniences seen in automated systems (Urbanski Bzdyra 2016). Explain the important role that information systems play in supporting a supply chain Strategy Information technology is seen as a mandatory requirement to control the modern chain of supply. These supply chains are highly complex as they contain different independent companies that make up the diverse multileveled networks of systems. Furthermore, different supplier exists for different services or products which mean, a unique distinguishing factor is needed to beat the competition. Information systems (IS) provide companies with the necessary competitive advantage by providing access to special supply resources. Supply logistics and operations are always under pressure owing to the changing market conditions that must meet the customers demands. IS can easily manage these operations based on the information they have with and the set rules provided. Moreover, these systems are able to forecast future supply proceeding which helps a company make better supply decisions. In addition to this, Importers, as well as exporters, are required to have an accurate account of all their products. IS systems facilitate tracking and monitoring operations which help to serve different clients across the globe. In essence, information systems serve as a complementary product that helps improve the strategic proceeding of a companys supply chain. Their role in supply chain management can be grouped into three major categories; planning and collaboration, tracking and delivery, and transaction operations. In transaction operations, IS systems maintain accurate records of repetitive transaction. Demand forecast, production capacity and supply efficiency are the sole purpose of planning and collaboration. Finally, tracking and monitoring ensures the security of the products and ensures coordinated deliveries are made on time (Operations IT Articles 2012). 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